Abstract:
Micronutrients are essentially as important as macronutrients to have better growth, yield and quality in plants. There
requirement by plants is in trace amounts. Boron, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, magnesium and molybdenum
constitute main micronutrients required by different crops in variable quantities. The requirement of micronutrients is
partly met from the soil or through chemical fertilizer or through other sources. Various physical and metabolic
functions are governed by these mineral nutrients. Boron is particularly essential in pollen germination, copper plays
major role in photosynthesis and increases sugar content in fruits, chlorophyll synthesis and phosphorus availability is
enhanced by manganese, iron acts as an oxygen carrier and promotes chlorophyll formation, while, zinc aids plant
growth hormones and enzyme system. Yield and quality of agricultural products increased with micronutrients
application, therefore human and animal health is protected with feed of enrichment plant materials. Each essential
element only when can perform its role in plant nutrition properly that other necessary elements are available in
balanced ratios for plant. therefore in the plant manganese plays an important role on oxidation and reduction
processes, as electron transport in photosynthesis. Manganese deficiency has very serious effects on non-structural
carbohydrates, and roots carbohydrates especially. Crops quality and quantity decreased due to manganese deficiency,
and this is due to low fertility of pollen and low in carbohydrates during grain filling. In the xylem routes zinc is
transmitted to divalent form or with organic acids bond. In the phloem sap zinc makes up complex with organic acids
with low molecular weight, and increases its concentration. Zinc deficiency can be seen in eroded, calcareous and
weathering acidic soils. Zinc deficiency is often accompanied with iron deficiency in calcareous soils. Iron in the soil
is the fourth abundant element on earth, but its amount was low or not available for the plants and microorganisms
needs, due to low solubility of minerals containing iron in many places the world, especially in arid region with alkaline
soils.
